Why do educational outcomes vary by class, gender, and ethnicity?
: Structuralists (like Functionalists and Marxists) argue that society shapes the individual through top-down socialisation. Interactionists argue that individuals create social reality through bottom-up micro-interactions.
The consistency of a research method. A study is reliable if another researcher can repeat it and achieve the same results.
Society is a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability (value consensus). Institutions act as organs maintaining the social body. sociology 9699 notes
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Surveys, statistics vs. interviews, observation.
Marxists argue that social institutions maintain class inequality. Education and media act as Ideological State Apparatuses (ISAs) to legitimize capitalism. Feminism (Conflict/Gender Division) Why do educational outcomes vary by class, gender,
The role of education in society, differential achievement, and classroom processes. Format: Structured essay questions.
Confidentiality, consent, and protection of participants. 3. A Level Sociology 9699 Notes: Extension Modules Paper 3: Education Education is analyzed as a social institution.
: Use notes to build essay plans . For 9699, being able to compare two conflicting theories (e.g., Functionalism vs. Marxism) is more important than memorizing definitions. The consistency of a research method
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: The process through which individuals learn social norms and values, forming their social identity .
For Cambridge International , effective notes should focus on the four core papers and the ability to evaluate different theoretical perspectives (Functionalism, Marxism, Interpretivism, etc.) . Syllabus Overview The syllabus is divided into AS and A Level components: