Verbs of motion, past tense, asking for things, locations of objects, and existence ( imasu / arimasu ).
先生 ( sensei - teacher), 会社員 ( kaishain - company employee), 家族 ( kazoku - family)
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| | Grammar & Core Topics | Key Vocabulary Themes | | :------------ | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | 1 | Particles は (wa) / です (desu) / か (ka); Noun sentences; Question sentences. | Pronouns, nationalities, occupations, greetings, "Mr./Ms.". | | 2 | Demonstratives: これ/それ/あれ (kore/sore/are) & この/その/あの (kono/sono/ano). | Everyday objects (book, pen, dictionary, etc.), possession. | | 3 | Location words: ここ/そこ/あそこ/どこ (koko/soko/asoko/doko); Particle も (mo). | Buildings, facilities, places in a city (bank, hospital, post office). | | 4 | Time expressions ( なんじ - nanji); Particles から (kara)/まで (made); Particle と (to). | Clock times, days of the week, daily routines, meals (breakfast, lunch). | | 5 | Verbs of motion: 行きます/来ます/帰ります (ikimasu/kimasu/kaerimasu); Particles へ (e)/で (de)/と (to). | Transportation, places to go, methods of travel. | | 6 | Direct object particle を (wo); Particles で (de) for means/method, に (ni) for frequency. | Common actions (eat, drink, read, watch), food and drink items. | | 7 | Verb conjugation: て-form (te-form); Using ～ています (te-imasu) for ongoing actions. | Hobbies, leisure activities, verbs of giving/receiving. | | 8 | い-adjectives (i-adjectives) and な-adjectives (na-adjectives); Conjugation rules. | Descriptions: size, color, feelings, quality (delicious, beautiful, interesting). | | 9 | Past tense (plain form & polite form); Comparing things; ～がほしい (ga hoshii) for desires. | Clothing, shopping, sensations (pain, hunger, thirst). | | 10 | Expressing existence: あります (arimasu) for inanimate objects, います (imasu) for living things. | Positions of objects, family members, animals, plants. | | 11 | Quantities and counters (e.g., ～つ - tsu, ～人 - nin). | Units of measurement, frequency adverbs, counting suffixes. | | 12 | Past tense of adjectives; Comparisons with より (yori) and のほうが (no hou ga). | Seasons, weather, preferences, comparisons of quality. | | 13 | Expressing desire with ～たい (tai); Goal of movement using に (ni) or へ (e). | Hobbies, travel destinations, things you want to do. | | 14 | て-form conjugations (review); Particle は (wa) for contrast. | Extended verbs of action, daily tasks, working activities. | | 15 | Expressing permission (～てもいいです - te mo ii desu) and prohibition (～てはいけません - te wa ikemasen). | Rules, manners, school or workplace regulations. | | 16 | Connecting sentences with the て-form; Expressing "and then" or sequential actions. | Cooking recipes, getting ready, multi-step processes. | | 17 | Negative requests (～ないでください - naide kudasai); Describing a state with ～ています (te-imasu). | Public manners, giving instructions, describing states of being. | | 18 | Dictionary form of verbs (plain form). | Basic verb recognition, building for casual speech. | | 19 | た-form (ta-form) for past plain verbs; Expressing experiences with ～たことがあります (ta koto ga aru). | Life experiences, travel history, past events. | | 20 | Plain form (casual speech); Expressing two actions with ～たり～たりします (tari tari shimasu). | Casual conversations with friends, varying activities. | | 21 | Expressing thoughts and opinions with ～とおもいます (to omoimasu); Quoting with ～といいます (to iimasu). | Beliefs, opinions, hearsay, explaining thoughts. | | 22 | Modifying nouns with verbs (Relative Clauses). | Describing people, making complex sentences, explaining which person does what. | | 23 | Connecting sentences with ～て (te-form) for cause/reason. | Explaining why you did something, cause and effect. | | 24 | Giving and receiving: あげます (agemasu), くれます (kuremasu), もらいます (moraimasu). | Social dynamics, gift-giving, favors and exchanges. | | 25 | Conditional form (if...): ～たら (tara); Expressing "even if" and time sequences. | Hypothetical situations, making plans, setting conditions. |
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昨日 ( kinou - yesterday), 今日 ( kyou - today), 明日 ( ashita - tomorrow), 毎日 ( mainichi - everyday)
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