Human Nutrition - Lecture Notes Jimma University Pdf

: The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller molecules. Absorption

Water-soluble vitamins are absorbed directly into the bloodstream, exhibit minimal tissue storage (excluding Vitamin B12cap B sub 12 ), and are excreted in urine when ingested in excess. Key Biochemical Role Deficiency Manifestations Clinical Sign / Symptom TPP coenzyme for pyruvate dehydrogenase. Beriberi (Wet/Dry), Wernicke-Korsakoff. Peripheral neuropathy, cardiovascular failure. Riboflavin ( B2cap B sub 2 ) FAD and FMN prosthetic groups for redox reactions. Ariboflavinosis. Angular cheilitis, glossitis, stomatitis. Niacin ( B3cap B sub 3 ) NAD and NADP coenzymes for electron transport. The 4 Ds: Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia, Death. Pyridoxine ( B6cap B sub 6 ) PLP coenzyme for amino acid transamination. Sideroblastic anemia, neurological deficits. Microcytic anemia, convulsions. Folate ( B9cap B sub 9 ) Tetrahydrofolate (THF) for one-carbon DNA transfer. Megaloblastic anemia, Neural Tube Defects. Hypersegmented neutrophils, spina bifida. Cobalamin ( B12cap B sub 12 ) Methylmalonyl-CoA mutase and methionine synthase.

Saturated fatty acids (mostly animal sources), monounsaturated (MUFAs), polyunsaturated (PUFAs), and trans-fatty acids. Functions: High-density energy storage ( human nutrition lecture notes jimma university pdf

Human Nutrition Lecture Notes: Jimma University PDF Guide Human nutrition is a cornerstone of global public health, medical practice, and community development. For students, healthcare professionals, and researchers, accessing structured educational materials is vital for mastering this discipline. Among the most sought-after resources in East Africa are the .

: Leads to xerophthalmia . This progresses from nyctalopia (night blindness) to conjunctival xerosis, Bitot's spots, and eventual keratomalacia (irreversible corneal ulceration and blindness). Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol, Ergocalciferol) : The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

Jimma University’s Institute of Health is renowned for its comprehensive, practical, and community-based educational materials. Their human nutrition notes are considered a gold standard for understanding how nutrition impacts health across the lifecycle.

1. Introduction and Basic Concepts

: Calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared ( kg/m2kg/m squared Underweight:

: Contain all nine essential amino acids in proportions that mirror human requirements. These are predominantly derived from animal sources (eggs, milk, meat, fish) and select plant foods (soy, quinoa). Beriberi (Wet/Dry), Wernicke-Korsakoff

-glutamyl carboxylase. This enzyme post-translationally carboxylates glutamic acid residues on hepatic clotting factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX, and X, enabling them to bind calcium ions and anchor to phospholipid surfaces during coagulation.